![]() ![]() Figure 1:Ĭountries, territories, and areas with reported confirmed cases of COVID-19, 31 st March 2020 SARS versus SARS-CoV-2 In terms of fatality, though the case fatality rate of SARS-CoV-2 is 3.44%, lower than MERS-CoV (34.4%) and SARS-CoV (9.19%), the absolute numbers affected are more. As of March 31, 2020, baring a few, almost all countries and more than a million people are affected. Subsequently, on March 11 th, it was declared a pandemic as it had spread to 113 countries. ![]() Over the next few weeks, it spread to18 countries (excluding China), and on January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). SARS-CoV-2 is part of a group of viruses in a format similar to the crown (Corona), more specifically belonging to the species Betacoronavirus, such as the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Two weeks later, a new variant of coronavirus was identified, which was named 'severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ( SARS-CoV-2). On December 31, 2019, hospitals in Wuhan, Hubei province, China reported on a cluster of cases suffering from pneumonia of unknown cause, attracting global attention. We also suggest the future directions that the global community should take to manage and mitigate the emergency. Only time will tell how well India has faced the outbreak. Based on the experience of these countries, India responded to the pandemic accordingly. ![]() This review will help the readers to understand the difference in response by different countries and their outcomes. Restrictive measures like social distancing, lockdown, case detection, isolation, contact tracing, and quarantine of exposed had revealed the most efficient actions to control the disease spreading. On the other hand, some other nations have put in place effective strategies to contain the infection and have recorded a very low number of cases since the beginning of the pandemics. A delay in detection and response has been recorded in China, as well as in other major countries, which led to an overburdening of the local health systems. Worldwide countries are responding differently to the virus outbreak. Coronavirus outbreak was first reported towards the end of 2019 and has now been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. E-mail: Įmerging pandemics show that humans are not infallible and communities need to be prepared. Rohit C Khanna, L V Prasad Eye Institute, L V Prasad Marg, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad - 500 034, Telangana, India. 1Allen Foster Community Eye Health Research Centre, Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eyecare, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, IndiaĢBrien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, IndiaģSchool of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, AustraliaĤUniversity of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USAĥDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Vita-Salute, Scientific Institute San Raffaele, via Olgettina, Milan, ItalyĦSenior Director, Research, Seva Foundation, Berkeley, CaliforniaħNorth America Region Chair, International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness, IndiaĨPresident, International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology, IndiaĩEditor, Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, Centre for Sight, Hyderabad, Telangana, Indiaġ0International Centre for Eye Health, Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdomġ1Indian Institute of Public Health, Hyderabad, Telangana, IndiaĬorrespondence to: Dr.
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